Інструменти та напрями реалізації стратегії інклюзивного розвитку в Україні
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Дата
2019
Автори
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Видавець
Університет імені Альфреда Нобеля
Анотація
The necessity of applying a more modern method of determining the level of economic
development of countries is substantiated in the paper. An outdated model based on GDP per capita
does not accurately reflect the current situation. The model proposed at the World Economic Forum in
Davos, namely the Inclusive Development Index, is taken for analysis.
The urgency of the theme of inclusive economic development for Ukraine is due, first of all,
to the peculiarities of the economic model of the country, namely: reorientation of markets, exit of
the economy from stagnation, uneven development of regions of the country, signs that indicate the
development of de-industrialization, subsidizing nature of doing business , a large proportion of the
socially vulnerable population. Almost all government institutions are undergoing reform. Complicating
the situation is the fact that the economic growth of the country is against the background of increasing
poverty.
The purpose of this work is to develop tools, identify the main areas of their use, and introduce
them into the economic model of Ukraine for the implementation of an inclusive economic development
strategy.
The analysis of the twelve indicators used to calculate the Index of Inclusive Development and
their dynamics for Ukraine gives recommendations for each of them and identifies the tools for their
implementation.
It is noted that out of 12 indicators in Ukraine 11 have negative dynamics. Among them, the
largest drop was observed in labor productivity and the share of public debt in GDP. It is found that
because of the large share of the shadow sector in the Ukrainian economy, the indicator of «stratification
of society in terms of income distribution» does not reflect the reality. Excessive monopolization of
markets in Ukraine is still relevant, which is reflected in the ratio of wealth distribution - one of the
worst indicators among the countries that The situation with the wear and tear of fixed capital, which is
reflected in the adjusted net inventories, requires immediate intervention at the legislative level. further
unpromising application of the solidarity pension system The positive dynamics of the GHG emission
indicator indicates the deindustrialization of the Ukrainian economy.
Taking into account the rather long period of stay of the Ukrainian economy in the process
of transition to the mixed model, the proposals on the development of mechanisms of reform in the
field of monetary policy, fiscal policy, pension reform, insurance medicine were made, as well as the
application of the experience of reforms in the countries of Eastern Europe (Czech Republic, Poland,
Poland). Slovakia, Slovenia).
As a result, it allowed us to formulate the main directions of the necessary changes to increase
the level of inclusive development in Ukraine and group them into the following clusters: institutional,
structural, legislative, motivational.
It is noted that in the process of strategy implementation a special role should be given to the
involvement of vulnerable sections of the society, their employment, integration into the economic
processes of young people, people with disabilities, the military with post-traumatic syndrome.
Опис
Ключові слова
inclusive development index, strategy, reforms, interpersonal confidence, GDP, public debt, income sharing, integration