Impact investing: accounting and cost management features
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Дата
2025-07-04
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Видавець
Alfred Nobel University
Анотація
The research examines the concept of impact investments, outlining its main characteristics and features, and defining the criteria by which investments can be classified as impact investments. The key elements of impact investing are purposefulness, measurability, and additionality. The causes and trends in the global impact investing market are identified. It is established that impact investing offers significant opportunities for investors, such as achieving positive social impact, balancing risk and return, and enhancing reputation, among others.
The need to measure and report costs and results using appropriate metrics is justified to understand the degree of impact, as well as the effectiveness of the portfolio and individual investments. Since the assessment of impact investing efficiency includes determining both social and environmental impact and financial indicators, several methods that can be adapted to evaluate the efficiency of impact investing are proposed. It is demonstrated that impact investing can incur costs in various aspects, which may vary depending on specific strategies and projects.
The main figures related to investments in environmental protection are considered. The catastrophic impact of military actions on Ukraine’s ecosystem is established, and the key challenges and opportunities for environmental impact investing in Ukraine during the war and post-war recovery are identified.
It is concluded that the growing recognition of the need for environmental protection leads to an increase in environmental investments and costs, highlighting the importance of environmental accounting.
The work examines existing classifications of environmental costs and identifies a classification that can serve as the basis for developing the Working Plan of Accounts and organizing their analytical accounting. It is also proposed to introduce an internal reporting form for environmental costs – the Environmental Cost Report. The introduction of this report should simplify the process of summarizing information on environmental costs when preparing Form 2, ‘Statement of Financial Results’.
The authors consider the main arguments against separate accounting of environmental costs, which should be taken into account when deciding whether such accounting is necessary.
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Ключові слова
імпакт-інвестиції, воєнний стан, екологічні витрати, управління, облік, ефективність, impact investment, martial law, environmental costs, management, accounting, efficiency